Development of Foreign Language Learning Motivation of University Students in Uzbekistan through English for Specific Purposes Classes

Abstract

This study examines the effect of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classes on the motivation and psychological needs of third-year students at Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan. A total of 91 students participated, with motivation assessed using a 20-item scale based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT), which included measures of amotivation, external motivation, identified regulation, and intrinsic motivation. Psychological needs were assessed using a 12-item scale covering autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to measure changes in motivation and psychological needs following the implementation of 7 ESP lessons. Additionally, 3 teacher interviews and a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire administered to 17 teachers explored the challenges faced in teaching ESP. The results revealed that after the intervention, students showed significant improvements in both motivation and psychological needs, with post-test scores reflecting higher levels than pre-test results. These findings suggest that the ESP material designed for this study positively influenced students' motivation, highlighting the potential of ESP courses to enhance students' engagement and psychological well-being. The study underscores the importance of aligning language instruction with students' specific academic and professional needs to foster motivation and psychological needs and improve learning outcomes.